Several fennel parts are edible (bulbs, leaves, stalks, and fruits). vulgare, and sweet fennel Foeniculum vulgare subsp. Foeniculum vulgare has two commercially important fennel types: bitter fennel, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Introductionįennel ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) belongs to the family of Apiaceae, and is an annual, biennial, or perennial herbaceous plant, depending on the variety, which grows in good soils from sunny mild climatic regions and is a well-known aromatic plant species. But this allegation do not consider the remedy is prepared as a matrix of substances, and recent researches confirm that pure estragole is inactivated by many substance contained in the decoction. Recently because of estragole carcinogenicity, fennel has been charged to be dangerous for humans especially if used as decoction for babies. Fennel was also valued as a magic herb: in the Middle Ages it was draped over doorways on Midsummer's Eve to protect the household from evil spirits. As one of the ancient Saxon people's nine sacred herbs, fennel was credited with the power to cure.
In Asian cultures fennel was ingested to speed the elimination of poisons. Topically, fennel powder is used as a poultice for snake bites. Traditionally in Europe and Mediterranean areas fennel is used as antispasmodic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, secretomotor, secretolytic, galactagogue, eye lotion, and antioxidant remedy and integrator. Moreover fennel infusions are the classical decoction for nursing babies to prevent flatulence and colic spasm. Fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) mature fruit (commonly known as seeds) and essential oil of fennel are widely used as flavoring agents in food products such as liqueurs, bread, cheese, and an ingredient of cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
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